When you create a record, you can choose a routing policy, which determines how Amazon Route 53 responds to queries:
Simple routing policy — Use for a single resource that performs a certain role for your domain, for example, a web server that provides content to the example.com site.
Failover routing policy — Use when you want to configure active-passive failover.
Geolocation routing policy — Use when you want to route traffic based on the location of users.
Geo-proximity routing policy — Use when you want to route traffic based on the location of your resources and optionally switch resource traffic at one location to resources elsewhere.
Latency Routing Policy — Use when you have resources across multiple AWS regions and want to route traffic to the region that provides the best latency.
Multi-Value Response Routing Policy — Use when you want Route 53 to respond to DNS queries with up to eight randomly selected healthy records.
Weighted routing policy — Use to route traffic to multiple resources in the proportions you specify.
The choice of routing policy should follow the disaster recovery strategy being implemented. See the suggestion table below:
| Politics | Strategy |
|---|---|
| Simple (Multiple IP’s) Weighted (50%-50%) Multiple Values |
Active-Active |
| Weighted | Warm Standby |
| Failover | Pilot Light |
References: